Gloria (Jacques ler.) \vas born in Dieppe circa 1640, married Madeleine Barry circa 1670, and had a son (Jacques II), born shortly afterwards, and a daughter. In 1696, two years after the English bombarded Dieppe, Gloria was installed as Mâitre in Rouen. There he was Garde in 1701, and died in 1705. That Gloria \vas the first to make watches without fusee is mentioned under the previous lot. In addition it should be noted that virtually all such watches have a power reserve dial for 30 hours on the back plate. In order to overcome the vide variations in force resulting from the unregulated mainspring as it ran clown, stop-work was fitted to ensure the use of only the central portion which supplied a relatively constant force for about 30 hours. The power reserve dial served the dual purpose of controlling the set-up and enabling the owner to know the state of winding -a useful aid in view of there being no fusee judge from. Another feature of the 'fusee-less' oignons was the 'endless screw' or 'straight-line' regulator, employed by Gloria and his associates, and very similar to that invented in England by Barrow. For a short period Gloria vas followed by several clockmakers in Rouen, Dieppe, Caen and Abbeville, but the idea lasted no more than 15 to 20 years. Usually the watches are straight-forward, without the least complication; this is apparently the only known example with an astronomical dial. Literature: Illustrated and described in G. Grandjean, A Chapiro, Gloria A Rouen, Musée De Rouen, 1990