BarraudThe Barraud family was of Huguenot origin, Philip Barraud, merchant, being listed in the Naturalization Act of 1704. The first watchmaker of the family was Francis-Gabriel (1727-1795), whose two eldest sons Paul-Philip (1752-1820) and John (dates unknown) were working with their father by 1780, although Paul-Philip seems also to have traded independently. After narrowly escaping bankruptcy in 1788, he resumed independent activity and after his father's death he was associated with George Jamisonand William Howells in an attempt to produce a hybrid version of Mudge's timekeeper. Although this venture failed, Barraud continued the manufacture of chronometers, both box and pocket, and it was for these that he was to become famous. Member of the Clockmakers' Company from 1796 to 1813, he was Master in 1810 and 1811. Of his seven children, Frederick Joseph (1785-1859) and John (1790 - 1840) seem to have been working with him by 1814. Alongside the Barraud's production of chronometers a rangof other clocks and watches were produced, and a major business was the exportation of plain and musical clocks to China and India, a business which was continued by their successors and which eventually led to the establishment of a branch of the firm in Calcutta. In 1838 the chronometer-maker John Richard Lund was taken into partnership, and with the death of the last horological Barraud, Hilton Paul, in 1880, the business reverted entirely to the Lund family. Inventive and adaptable they maitained the high traditions of the firm, easily keeping abreast of new developments such as those in electrical horology and in telegraphy, J.-R. Lund being particularly interested in synchronous horology.